MicroRNA‐10a is involved in the metastatic process by regulating Eph tyrosine kinase receptor A4‐Mediated epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and adhesion in hepatoma cells*

Yan Yan, Yue‐Chen Luo, Hai‐Ying Wan, Jun Wang, Pei‐Pei Zhang, Min Liu, Xin Li, Shengping Li, Hua Tang – 19 September 2012 – MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to be associated with the development of cancers. However, the function of miRNAs in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains largely undefined. Here we found that overexpression of miR‐10a promoted the migration and invasion of QGY‐7703 and HepG2 cells in vitro but suppressed metastasis in vivo.

IFITM1 is a tight junction protein that inhibits hepatitis C virus entry

Courtney Wilkins, Jessica Woodward, Daryl T.‐Y. Lau, Amy Barnes, Michael Joyce, Nicola McFarlane, Jane A. McKeating, D. Lorne Tyrrell, Michael Gale – 19 September 2012 – Type 1 interferon (IFN) continues to be the foundation for the current standard of care combination therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, yet the component interferon‐stimulated genes (ISGs) that mediate the antiviral actions of IFN are not fully defined.

Hepatopulmonary syndrome: Favorable outcomes in the MELD exception era

Vivek N. Iyer, Karen L. Swanson, Rodrigo Cartin‐Ceba, Ross A. Dierkhising, Charles B. Rosen, Julie K. Heimbach, Russell H. Wiesner, Michael J. Krowka – 19 September 2012 – Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a pulmonary vascular disorder occurring as a consequence of advanced liver disease, characterized by hypoxemia due to intrapulmonary vascular dilatations. HPS independently increases mortality, regardless of the cause or severity of liver disease. Liver transplantation (LT) improves survival in HPS.

Proapoptotic effects of the chemokine, CXCL 10 are mediated by the noncognate receptor TLR4 in hepatocytes

Hacer Sahin, Erawan Borkham‐Kamphorst, Nicole T. do O, Marie‐Luise Berres, Michaela Kaldenbach, Petra Schmitz, Ralf Weiskirchen, Christian Liedtke, Konrad L. Streetz, Kathrin Maedler, Christian Trautwein, Hermann E. Wasmuth – 19 September 2012 – Aberrant expression of the chemokine CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL)10 has been linked to the severity of hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐induced liver injury, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.

Therapeutic effect of cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4/immunoglobulin on a murine model of primary biliary cirrhosis

Amy Dhirapong, Guo‐Xiang Yang, Steven Nadler, Weici Zhang, Koichi Tsuneyama, Patrick Leung, Stuart Knechtle, Aftab A. Ansari, Ross L. Coppel, Fu‐Tong Liu, Xiao‐Song He, M. Eric Gershwin – 19 September 2012 – Collectively, the data in both humans and murine models of human primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) suggest that activated T cells, particularly CD8 T cells, play a critical role in biliary cell destruction.

Inhibition of RelA‐Ser536 phosphorylation by a competing peptide reduces mouse liver fibrosis without blocking the innate immune response

Anna Moles, Ana M. Sanchez, Paul S. Banks, Lindsay B. Murphy, Saimir Luli, Lee Borthwick, Andrew Fisher, Steven O'Reilly, Jacob M. van Laar, Steven A. White, Neil D. Perkins, Alastair D. Burt, Derek A. Mann, Fiona Oakley – 19 September 2012 – Phosphorylation of the RelA subunit at serine 536 (RelA‐P‐Ser536) is important for hepatic myofibroblast survival and is mechanistically implicated in liver fibrosis.

Successful transplantation of human hepatic stem cells with restricted localization to liver using hyaluronan grafts†

Rachael A. Turner, Eliane Wauthier, Oswaldo Lozoya, Randall McClelland, James E. Bowsher, Claire Barbier, Glenn Prestwich, Edward Hsu, David A. Gerber, Lola M. Reid – 19 September 2012 – Cell therapies are potential alternatives to organ transplantation for liver failure or dysfunction but are compromised by inefficient engraftment, cell dispersal to ectopic sites, and emboli formation.

Hepatic fat loss in advanced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Are alterations in serum adiponectin the cause?

David van der Poorten, Caroline F. Samer, Mehdi Ramezani‐Moghadam, Sally Coulter, Marina Kacevska, Dennis Schrijnders, Lindsay E. Wu, Duncan McLeod, Elisabetta Bugianesi, Mina Komuta, Tania Roskams, Christopher Liddle, Lionel Hebbard, Jacob George – 19 September 2012 – Advanced liver fibrosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is often accompanied by a reduction in hepatic fat to the point of complete fat loss (burnt‐out NASH), but the mechanisms behind this phenomenon have not been elucidated. Adiponectin is raised in cirrhosis of any cause and has potent antisteatotic activity.

Hepatitis B virus polymerase impairs interferon‐α–induced STA T activation through inhibition of importin‐α5 and protein kinase C‐δ

Jieliang Chen, Min Wu, Xiaonan Zhang, Wen Zhang, Zhanqing Zhang, Lixiang Chen, Jing He, Ye Zheng, Cuncun Chen, Fan Wang, Yunwen Hu, Xiaohui Zhou, Cong Wang, Yang Xu, Mengji Lu, Zhenghong Yuan – 19 September 2012 – Treatment with exogenous interferon (IFN)‐α is not effective in the majority of patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Recent evidence suggests that HBV has evolved strategies to block the nuclear translocation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 to limit IFN‐α–induced cellular antiviral responses.

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